FMI is a diagnostic trouble code that indicates the type of trouble.
Diagnostic type fault codes (FMI)
FMI fault code
0 Data are reliable, but not too high
1 Data are reliable, but much understated
2 Data is messy, intermittent or not true
3 Voltage higher than normal
4 Voltage is below normal
5 Current is below current
6 Current is above normal
7 incorrect reaction of the mechanical system
8 Abnormal frequency, pulse width or signal period
9 Incorrect data exchange
10 too fast rate of change
11 type of fault not known
12 Faulty device or component
13 Parameters outside the calibration range
Error Comments
FMI 00 – The data is reliable but exceeds the normal operating range of the parameter change.
For each electronic control system the upper limit of the expected operating range of the signal change is set. The upper limit is set based on the expected maximum value of the parameters (e.g. torque converter temperature). A sensor that continues to operate but produces a signal higher than the expected upper limit will cause code FMI 00 to be registered.
Example – The normal factor of the pulse width modulated sensor signal (the value proportional to the width of the pulses) should not exceed 80%. If the sensor generates a signal with a duty cycle of 81%, this means that it is still functioning but the signal value exceeds the set upper limit of its range.
FMI 01 – The data are reliable but below the normal operating range of the parameter change.
For each electronic control system the lower limit of the expected operating range of the signal change is set. The lower limit is set based on the expected minimum value of the parameters (e.g. oil pressure in the engine). A sensor that continues to function but produces a signal that is below the expected lower limit will cause code FMI 01 to be registered.
Example – The minimum fill factor of most pulse width modulation sensors is at least 5%. If the sensor generates a signal with a duty cycle of 3%, this means that the sensor continues to function but the signal value is below the set lower limit of its range.
FMI 02 – Data are erratic, intermittent or incorrect
The FMI 02 code appears when there is a signal from the relevant component. The signal information data may then change as follows.
- The data disappears.
- The data becomes unstable.
- The data becomes incorrect.
The values of the data may be correct in some intervals but not in others. The appearance of this code can also be related to incorrect information exchange between electronic units. For example, if the VIMS system requests engine speed data from the engine ECU via a data link from Caterpillar.
FMI 03 – Voltage above normal or short circuit to higher voltage circuit
FMI code 03 appears when the voltages measured in a particular system or element become high. The reason for the appearance of code FMI 03 is often associated with signal circuits.
The reason for the appearance of code FMI 03 can be the following elements of the system
- Sensor
- Wire harness
- Appropriate electronic control units
The possible reasons for the appearance of code FMI 03 can be the following circumstances.
- The sensor generates an AC signal (per working cycle) and the signal is stuck at the maximum value.
- The signal wire in the wiring harness is shorted to the sensor power supply circuit or to a circuit with a voltage higher than the power supply voltage.
- A break in the signal wire between the sensor and the electronic control unit. The input circuits of electronic monitoring and control devices are normally positive. For example, if the sensor is disconnected, the voltage in the input circuit of the control unit will be 5 VDC.
- In the electronic control unit there is an internal short circuit of the sensor signal circuit contact in the connector with the positive power supply circuit. In addition, the faulty electronic control unit may not correctly sense the normally functioning sensor signal circuit.
FMI 04 – Voltage below normal or short circuit to a lower voltage circuit
FMI code 04 is similar to FMI code 03. However, FMI code 04 indicates that the voltage values are below acceptable levels. The occurrence of FMI code 04 is most often associated with a fault in the signal circuits. FMI code 04 is similar to FMI code 06 and is sometimes used instead.
The following elements of the system may cause the FMI 04 code to appear
- Sensor
- Wire harness
- Appropriate electronic control units
The following reasons may cause the FMI 04 code to appear.
- The sensor signal is at a low level or close to the ground potential.
- The signal wire in the harness is shorted to ground.
- In the electronic control unit, the signal contact of the connector is short-circuited to ground.
FMI 05 – Current too low or open circuit
Code FMI 05 appears in cases where the electronic control unit detects that the current values are low.
The most likely cause of the FMI 05 code being displayed is an open circuit or poor contact in the wiring harness connectors.
FMI 06 – Current is higher than normal or the circuit is closed to ground
FMI code 06 is similar to FMI code 05. However, FMI code 06 indicates that the current is too high. The appearance of FMI code 06 is most often associated with a malfunction of the output circuits in the electronic control units.
Example – FMI code 06 appears when the circuit is shorted to ground.
The reasons for the appearance of codes FMI 06 and FMI 04 are very similar and code FMI 06 is sometimes used instead of code FMI 04.
FMI 07 – Insufficient mechanical system response
FMI code 07 appears when the electronic control unit sends an electrical command to the mechanical system and the result is not within the specified range of values.
Example – FMI code 07 is displayed when the transmission is shifted slowly by the EPTC II command due to the slow operation of the electromagnet.
FMI 08 – Abnormal frequency, pulse width or period
FMI code 08 appears if the frequency or width of the signal pulse is outside the specified range.
Note: The period is the time in seconds for one cycle of signal variation at a given frequency. The period is defined as the reciprocal of the frequency in Hz (1 / frequency, Hz).
FMI 09 – Abnormal data exchange
The appearance of code FMI 09 depends on the operability of the communication link between the electronic means on the data channel. FMI code 09 occurs when the electronic unit is unable to receive information from another electronic unit and is waiting for information to be received.
FMI 10 – Abnormal rate of change
FMI code 10 occurs when the rate of change of the signal is more or less than expected.
Example – This code is generated when the signal from the dump truck’s output shaft speed sensor indicates that the dump truck is accelerating faster than it can in actual operation.
FMI 11 – Fault type not defined
FMI code 11 appears when the electronic unit registers more than one FMI code for a fault.
FMI 12 – Faulty device or component
FMI code 12 indicates the following status: the electronic control unit is sending a signal to another electronic unit via the data link. The electronic unit is waiting for a response but either does not receive a response or receives an incorrect response.
FMI code 12 may also indicate the following status:
The electronic unit is expected to send data periodically but is not doing so.
The appearance of FMI code 12 may also be associated with a data link failure.
FMI 13 – Parameter out of calibration
In this state of the mechanical part, the electrical signal parameters are outside the limits set by the control unit.
